Tornados & Whirlwinds - Reading Outdoors in 18th-Century America

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Well, it has been a glorious day, until the weather turned to tornado warnings about an hour ago. By the way, I had suspected that tornados were usually called whirwinds in 18th-century America. As one man wrote in the 1739 Boston Newsletter, "...we had a violent Whirlwind or Tornado (as some all it)." But when I searched, I found mention of 851 torandos in American newspapers from 1733 to 1800. Whirlwinds were noted in the same newspapers 1054 times between 1719 and 1800. I was surprised.

The 1st time the English word "tornado" appeared in print was in Richard Hakluyt's (c 1552-1616) Principall Navigations, Voiages, and Discoveries in 1589, when W Towerson noted, "We had terrible thunder and lightening, with exceeding gusts of raine, called a Ternado." The term "whirlwind" had been used in print since 1340.

Well, anyway, before the high winds and storms, it would have been the perfect day here in the Chesapeake for reading outdoors. Here are a few 18th-century American ladies doing just that.

1750 Joseph Badger (American Colonial Era artist, 1798-1765) Mrs. Nathaniel Brown (Anna Porter Brown)

1750-1760 Joseph Badger (American Colonial Era artist, 1798-1765)Mrs. John Edwards (Abigail Fowle)

1755 Benjamin West (American colonial era artist, 1738-1820). Mrs Geo Ross Anne Lawler Franklin & Marshall

1764 John Singleton Copley (American Colonial Era artist, 1738-1815) detail Mary Greene Mrs Dan Hubbard

1767 James Claypoole, Jr. (American Colonial Era artist, 1743-1814) Ann Galloway Mrs Joseph Pemberton Phil Acad of Arts

1789 Ralph Earl (American artist, 1751-1801) Esther Boardman

1789-1795 George William West (American artist, 1770-1795) Sybil West Holland Mrs Francis Utie Holland

1793 James Peale (American artist, 1749-1831) Ramsey Polk Family in Cecil County MD

1798 William Clarke (American painter, fl. 1785-1806) ) Mrs William Frazer Delaware
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Hats, Hats, Hats - Headwear in the American Colonial Era 1770-1779

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1770 John Durand (Amreican Colonial Era painter, fl 1765-1782) Mrs John Lothrop

1770 Daniel Hendrickson (American Colonial Era artist, 1723-1788) Catharine Hendrickson

1770 John Singleton Copley (American Colonial Era artist, 1738-1815) Relief Dowse Mrs Michael Gill

1770 John Singleton Copley (American Colonial Era artist, 1738-1815)

1770 John Singleton Copley (American Colonial Era artist, 1738-1815) Mrs James Russell Katherine Graves

1770 Winthrop Chandler (American Colonial Era artist, 1747-1790) Martha Lathrop Devotion

1770-73 Henry Benbridge (American Colonial Era painter, 1743-1812) Mrs Clark of Haddonfield, NJ

1770-75 Winthrop Chandler (American Colonial Era artist, 1747-1790) Mrs. Levi Willard (Catherine Chandler)

1770s Charles Willson Peale (American Colonial Era artist, 1741-1827) Mrs Robert Morris

1770s Charles Willson Peale (American Colonial Era artist, 1741-1827) Julie Stockton

1770s Matthew Pratt (American Colonial Era Painter, 1734-1805) Lucy Randolph Burwell

1771 Charles Willson Peale (American Colonial Era artist, 1741-1827) Margaret Strachan (Mrs Thoas Harwood)

1771 John Singleton Copley (American Colonial Era artist, 1738-1815) Mrs. Humphrey Devereux (Mary Charnock)

1771 John Singleton Copley (American Colonial Era artist, 1738-1815) Mrs. Paul Richard (Elizabeth Garland)

1771 John Singleton Copley (American Colonial Era artist, 1738-1815) Mrs Ezekiel Goldthwait Elizabeth Lewis

1771 John Singleton Copley (American Colonial Era artist, 1738-1815) Mrs. Thomas Gage (Margaret Kemble)

1771-76 Henry Benbridge (American Colonial Era painter, 1743-1812) Mrs Benjamin Simons

1772 Charles Willson Peale (American Colonial Era artist, 1741-1827) Mrs John Dickinson

1772 Cosmo Alexander (American Colonial Era artist, 1724-1772). Mary Jemima Balfour, Mrs James Balfour

1772 John Singleton Copley (American Colonial Era artist, 1738-1815) Dorothy Quincy Mrs. John Hancock

1772 John Singleton Copley (American Colonial Era artist, 1738-1815) Dorothy Wendell Mrs Richard Skinner

1772 Winthrop Chandler (American Colonial Era artist, 1747-1790) Eunice Huntington Devotion Lyman

1773 John Singleton Copley (American Colonial Era artist, 1738-1815) Mrs John Winthrop

1773 John Singleton Copley (American Colonial Era artist, 1738-1815) Mrs Thomas Miffin (Sarah Morris)

1773 John Singleton Copley (American Colonial Era artist, 1738-1815) Mrs Moses Gill Rebecca Boylston

1773 John Singleton Copley (American Colonial Era artist, 1738-1815)

1774 Ralph Earl (American Colonial Era artist, 1751-1801) Mrs Adam Babcock

1774 Ralph Earl (American Colonial Era artist, 1751-1801) Mrs Henry Daggett Elizabeth Prescott

1775 Gilbert Stuart (American Colonial Era artist, 1755-1828) Sarah Rivera Lopez Mrs Aaron Lopez

1775 Charles Willson Peale (American Colonial Era artist, 1741-1827) Mrs James Smith

1775 John Singleton Copley (American Colonial Era artist, 1738-1815) Mrs. Ralph Izard Alice Delancey

1776 Charles Willson Peale (American artist, 1741-1827) Mrs James Latimer

1779 Ralph Earl (American artist, 1751-1801) Mary Ann Carpenter Mrs Thompson Foster

1779 Ralph Earl (American artist, 1751-1801) Mrs. Oliver Wolcott (Laura Collins)
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Hats, Hats, Hats - Headwear in the American Colonial Era 1760-1769

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1760 Jeremiah Theus (American Colonial Era artist, 1716-1774)

1760 John Hesselius (American Colonial Era artist, 1728-1778)

1760 Joseph Blackburn, also known as Jonathan Blackburn (American Colonial Era painter, in the colonies 1754-1763)

1760s John Hesselius (American Colonial Era artist, 1728-1778)

1760s Joseph Badger (American Colonial Era artist, 1708-1765)

1761 Jeremiah Theus (American Colonial Era artist, 1716-1774)

1761 John Singleton Copley (American Colonial Era artist, 1738-1815)

1763 James Claypoole Sr (American Colonial Era artist, 1743-1822)

1763 John Hesselius (American Colonial Era artist, 1728-1778)

1763 John Singleton Copley (American Colonial Era artist, 1738-1815)

1763 John Singleton Copley (American Colonial Era artist, 1738-1815)

1763 John Singleton Copley (American Colonial Era artist, 1738-1815)

1763 John Singleton Copley (American Colonial Era artist, 1738-1815)

1764 John Hesselius (American Colonial Era artist, 1728-1778)

1764 John Hesselius (American Colonial Era artist, 1728-1778)

1764 Benjamin West (American Colonial Era artist, 1738-1820)

1764 John Singleton Copley (American Colonial Era artist, 1738-1815)

1764 Lawrence Kilburn (American Colonial Era artist, 1720-1775)

1765 1765 John Hesselius (American Colonial Era artist, 1728-1778)

1765 Jeremiah Theus (American Colonial Era artist, 1716-1774)

1765 John Singleton Copley (American Colonial Era artist, 1738-1815)

1765 John Singleton Copley (American Colonial Era artist, 1738-1815)

1765 Matthew Pratt (American Colonial Era Painter, 1734-1805)

1766 John Singleton Copley (American Colonial Era artist, 1738-1815)

1766 John Singleton Copley (American Colonial Era artist, 1738-1815)

1766 William Williams (American Colonial Era artist, 1727-1791)

1767 John Singleton Copley (American Colonial Era artist, 1738-1815)

1767 John Singleton Copley (American Colonial Era artist, 1738-1815)

1767 John Singleton Copley (American Colonial Era artist, 1738-1815)

1769 John Durand (Amreican Colonial Era painter, fl 1765-1782)

1769 John Singleton Copley (American Colonial Era artist, 1738-1815)
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